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Causes of depression

What is depression?
Depression (from the Latin deprimo - "to oppress") is a mental disorder that manifests itself in a persistent low mood, a pessimistic assessment of oneself, one's life, and the future. A person loses the ability to rejoice, and experiences longing, anxiety, irritability, indecision, and a sense of the meaninglessness of life.
On the physical level, the following are observed:

  • slowed movements

  • sleep and appetite disturbances

  • weakness

  • decreased sexual desire

  • malaise and metabolic disorders

Prevalence
According to the WHO, every year about 100 million people have depression that requires professional help. It is one of the leading causes of loss of health and work capacity in the world.

The main reasons for the development

  • Acute stress: loss of a loved one or important relationship.

  • Chronic stress: prolonged internal conflicts, inability to freely express emotions.

  • Psychological fatigue: inhibition of activity, powerlessness, hopelessness.

  • Reactive depression: as a reaction to an external event.

  • Endogenous depression: the causes are not obvious, often a deeply repressed internal conflict.

  • Concomitant condition: in case of serious somatic diseases.

  • Childhood trauma: physical, sexual abuse or lack of love and care.

Types of depression

Conditional classification:

  • Simple: melancholic, anxious, apathetic

  • Complex: with obsessions, delusions, suicidal thoughts

  • Hidden (masked): without obvious symptoms, often manifesting through physical ailments

It is especially difficult to detect hidden depression (dolor occultus — “hidden pain”) , which is disguised as somatic symptoms. Research shows that:

  • up to 25% of "mentally healthy" people in megacities have hidden depression

  • it is 10–20 times more common than the overt form

Our center uses proprietary diagnostic techniques for the timely detection of hidden depression.

young people depressed at home

The danger of depression

  • Deterioration in quality of life: decreased professional status, family breakdown, disability

  • Psychosomatics: depression affects immunity, heart, contributes to the development of oncology

  • Suicidal risk: especially with concomitant chronic or neurological diseases

  • Reduced life expectancy: especially in cancer patients with depressive symptoms

  • Risks of eating disorders, alcoholism, drug addiction

Our center has developed the “Anti-Cancer” program, which helps reduce depression in cancer patients.

Depression treatment

Problems of modern pharmacotherapy
  • Classic antidepressants act slowly and have side effects

  • Many patients do not go into remission

  • A JAMA study (2010) showed that antidepressants are no more effective than placebo for mild/moderate depression

  • In 2023, data emerged that running has a similar effect

Ketamine therapy — a new approach
  • Recognized by the FDA (USA) in 2019 and by the European Commission in 2019.

  • Gives a quick effect even after a single injection

  • Showed effectiveness in treatment-resistant depression

  • Better tolerability than electroconvulsive therapy

  • According to (Alnefeesi et al., 2021) — the most progressive method of treating depression

Methods used in our center

  • Ketamine therapy

  • Transcranial electrical brain stimulation

  • Vagus nerve stimulation

  • Star node blockade

  • Comprehensive psychotherapy

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