In recent decades, psychopharmacology has not been able to introduce new revolutionary drugs for psychiatry, and the classic antidepressants currently available on the market are ineffective. A new solution to these problems in medicine promises to be the second "psychedelic revolution", which has been actively developing since the beginning of this century. A number of psychedelics, including MDMA, psilocybin, DMT, and ketamine, are considered the most promising treatments. Psychedelics have the extraordinary ability to produce rapid and long-lasting changes in the structure and function of neurons and to improve the mental state of patients even after a single dose. Evidence from carefully designed and controlled studies shows that these compounds are effective for depression, anxiety, PTSD, and addictions, do not cause physical dependence or withdrawal, and have very low or no incidence of serious adverse reactions such as psychotic episodes. There is an urgent need to legalize psychedelic therapy in Ukraine.